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Cognitive-behavioral group therapy is an effective treatment for major depression
Full Title: Cognitive-behavioral group therapy is an effective treatment for major depression in hemodialysis patients
Depression is an important target of psychological assessment in patients with end-stage renal disease because it predicts their morbidity, mortality, and quality of life. We assessed the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy in chronic hemodialysis patients diagnosed with major depression by the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). In a randomized trial conducted in Brazil, an intervention group of 41 patients was given 12 weekly sessions of cognitive-behavioral group therapy led by a trained psychologist over 3 months while a control group of 44 patients received the usual treatment offered in the dialysis unit. In both groups, the Beck Depression Inventory, the MINI, and the Kidney Disease and Quality of Life-Short Form questionnaires were administered at baseline, after 3 months of intervention or usual treatment, and after 9 months of follow-up. The intervention group had significant improvements, compared to the control group, in the average scores of the Beck Depression Inventory overall scale, MINI scores, and in quality-of-life dimensions that included the burden of renal disease, sleep, quality of social interaction, overall health, and the mental component summary. We conclude that cognitive-behavioral group therapy is an effective treatment of depression in chronic hemodialysis patients.
Kidney Int. 2009 Aug;76(4):414-21. Epub 2009 May 20. Duarte PS, Miyazaki MC, Blay SL, Sesso R. Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Federal University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. psduarte@nefro.epm.br
It is sad to see middle-age and older people who display the cumulative effects of long-term smoking. Many years of cigar, cigarette, or pipe smoking seems to affect every cell and organ in their body. You can see it in their complexions and hear it in their voices. Those that eventually come to see me, tell me that they have always been aware of the long-term consequences. However, they say that they could never successful quit the habit. Unfortunately, while it is never too late to give up smoking, but the time that we meet, the damage to their body is extensive.
Over the past few years the subject of bullying and bullies has once again achieved the national spotlight. However, this topic is not new. Just watch films about children that were made in the 1930’s, 40’s, and 50’s to see numerous examples of children bullying one another. It appears that bullying is a phenomenon that has always and always will be with us.
So, what is bullying and why does it occur? This form of aggressive behavior naturally happens within any group or society as part of setting up orders of dominance. Just observe a litter of pups or a flow of birds. This Darwinian...
One of the most absurd human habits is that of the consumption of tobacco products. Of course, this includes the smoking cigarettes. As just about everything about cigarettes involves the ingestion of highly toxic materials, it makes absolutely no sense for anyone to smoke a cigarette. Yet three years people have been trained to smoke. This is not helped by the fact that the components of tobacco contain substances, such as nicotine, that are highly addictive.
Over the years I've worked with numerous people helping them to kick their cigarette smoking habit. Most of them start the habit...
